How is "radiation shielding" defined in radiation safety?

Radiation shielding is defined as the process of using materials to absorb or block radiation. This definition is rooted in the fundamental purpose of radiation shielding, which is to minimize the exposure of individuals and the environment to harmful radiation. Various materials—such as lead, concrete, and water—are effective at blocking different types of radiation (such as alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron radiation) due to their density and atomic composition. Effective radiation shielding is crucial in environments such as hospitals, nuclear power plants, and research facilities, where radiation is present. The choice of shielding material and design depends on several factors, including the type and energy of the radiation being encountered and the specific safety requirements of the situation.