What are the basic components of a Geiger-Muller counter?

The basic components of a Geiger-Muller counter include a Geiger-Muller tube, a voltage supply, and a readout system.

The Geiger-Muller tube is the heart of the counter; it is a gas-filled tube that detects ionizing radiation. When radiation enters the tube, it ionizes the gas inside, resulting in a cascade of charged particles that produces a measurable electrical pulse. This pulse is then processed and quantified.

The voltage supply is crucial because it creates a strong electric field within the Geiger-Muller tube, which is necessary for the ionization process and the resultant electron multiplication. A stable power source ensures proper functioning of the tube and reliable measurements.

The readout system collects the signals generated by the Geiger-Muller tube and presents the results to the user, often in the form of clicks or visual indicators, allowing for interpretation of the radiation levels detected.

In contrast, the other options include components that may pertain to different types of radiation detection devices but do not accurately describe the Geiger-Muller counter's architecture. For example, detection chambers are not specific to Geiger-Muller counters, and terms like signal processors and digital displays suggest more advanced instrumentation that is beyond the basic structure of a classic Geiger