What is the function of the ionization chamber in radiation detection?

The ionization chamber's primary function is to determine radiation levels by measuring ionization in a gas-filled chamber. When ionizing radiation, such as alpha or beta particles, passes through the gas within the chamber, it interacts with the gas atoms, leading to the creation of ion pairs (positive ions and free electrons). This process results in a measurable current or voltage that reflects the level of radiation present.

This mechanism allows for the quantification of the radiation exposure by providing an indication of the ionization rate, which correlates with the intensity of the radiation. The design of ionization chambers is particularly advantageous for measuring high levels of radiation due to their ability to provide accurate and immediate results. Thus, choice B correctly encapsulates the primary role of the ionization chamber in radiation detection.