Which types of ionizing radiation are commonly detected by radiation detection devices?

The detection of ionizing radiation is essential in various fields, including health physics, nuclear safety, and environmental monitoring. Commonly, radiation detection devices are capable of identifying alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays.

Alpha particles are composed of two protons and two neutrons, making them relatively heavy and positively charged. They have a limited range and can be stopped by a sheet of paper or human skin, but they can be highly damaging if ingested or inhaled.

Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons emitted from certain types of radioactive decay. They have a greater penetrative ability than alpha particles and can be detected using devices like Geiger-Müller counters.

Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic radiation resulting from nuclear reactions. Unlike alpha and beta particles, gamma rays have no mass or charge and can penetrate through most materials, requiring dense materials like lead or thick concrete for effective shielding. Their detection is crucial in assessing exposure levels and ensuring safety.

The other options include radiation types that are not recognized as ionizing radiation. Sound waves, ultraviolet light, and thermal radiation, while they can have effects, do not carry enough energy to ionize atoms, thus making them undetectable by traditional ionizing radiation devices